Heart transplant

Heart transplant

Heart transplant from removing the heart patient or the patient, and the development of a healthy heart in place a process composed. Heart sound comes from a dead donor. This process is the last resort for people with heart failure, and after all other treatment methods fail. It is possible that heart failure caused by coronary artery disease, or heart muscle injury or valves, or exudative problems in the heart, or a viral infection hit the heart.

 For a heart transplant many risks, though the process of saving the patient's life. However, the observation accuracy and processing medical and systematic measures can protect the patient from such risks, or can help to manage and control. Most patients undergoing a heart transplant to return to the normal level of activity after this process can. But the percentage of those who are returning to their jobs remains less than thirty percent of these patients, and for different reasons.

 an introduction

Being in the heart removing the infected heart transplant, and the development of a healthy heart replaced process. This operation is the last resort for people with heart failure, and after all other treatments fail. Heart transplant process of saving the life of the patient, but it has many risks.

However, the monitoring and processing accuracy, as well as regular medical care, the patient can protect against these risks, or help prevent them or control. This health information explaining the heart transplant and heart failure process. It addresses what to expect before the surgery, and during and after. As well as dealing with the heart transplant and its complications process risks.

heart failure

Heart failure is when the heart is unable to pump blood to the rest of the body's natural rate. When the heart is unable to pump the amount of blood that reaches the whole, these fluids can go back to the lungs and to other parts of the body. It also reduced the amount of blood that reaches the body and the accumulation of fluids also cause symptoms of heart failure. There are multiple levels of congestive heart failure, namely:

 light.
     Average.
     Intense.
     very strong.


It is possible that the heart problems lead to failure. Examples include:

     Coronary artery disease.
     Diseases of the heart muscle.
     Heart attack.
     Heart valves diseases.
     Hypertension.

 There are other reasons for the failure of the heart, including:

     alcoholism.
     Some cancer treatments.
     Diabetes.
     HIV / AIDS virus Oz.
     Take drugs.
     Thyroid disease.

 Heart failure is more common in the elderly. But it can happen at any age. Young people become infected with heart failure due to congenital problems usually. Often surgery is necessary for processing. Possible light treatment of heart failure cases by:

     pharmaceutical.
     Changes in lifestyle.
     Medical procedures

But very severe cases of heart failure need to perform a heart transplant. This process is surgery to replace the patient's heart and the development of a healthy heart in place. This heart is taken from a dead donor.

 Before Surgery

The hearts that are obtained from donors less than needed. Therefore, patients who need a heart transplant to a rigorous selection process is subject to the process. Where you need to be a critical health condition of the patient to the extent that necessitates Hojtah to a new heart. But his condition must also bear heart transplant. If the heart transplant is suitable for the patient, it is placed on a waiting list to get a heart from a dead donor. It conducts Members matching available through the following criteria:

  blood type.
     The size of the person of the donor.
     The size of the recipient.

 Time spent helping patients to wait on a patient who should receive the following heart from the donor person determine the list. If found two two patients on the waiting list, and they were in equal need to get a new heart, it is likely to get a heart donated by a patient who waited longer. Patients on the waiting Modoon directly associated with heart transplant centers list. Therefore, patients should arrive at the hospital within two hours of informing them of the availability of good heart for transplant normally.

 Not all of being summoned to the hospital to undergo heart transplant. In some cases, doctors discovered, at the last minute, that person's heart donor is not suitable for the patient. During the wait for the following heart from a donor, the patient receives medical treatment continues. Some patients may have a cardioverter defibrillator and implantable ventricular assist device, or device.

These devices may be useful in maintaining the health of the patient during the waiting period. It is possible that the patient begins a program of cardiac rehabilitation as well. It is possible that this program will be useful for the improvement of the physical condition of the patient before heart transplant.

 Heart transplant

Heart transplant is performed under general anesthesia. Where the patient is asleep during the operation, does not remember anything about it. Heart transplant operation performed by what is known as "open heart surgery", where he will hold a large incision in the patient's chest. After that, the rib cage open until a health care provider can access to the heart. It connects larger arteries and veins in the patient's body to the machine "cardiopulmonary bypass", where this machine to pump blood through the patient's lungs and body during the operation. The surgeon removes the patient's heart.

 And it puts the heart in the right place, and then is received to the main veins and arteries in the patient's body. This is not being blood vessels as part of the replacement process. When the process is complete, detailing cardiopulmonary bypass. And then closes the incision in the patient's chest through surgical stitches. Take heart transplant operation almost four hours. But the patient remains in the hospital for two weeks after surgery.

Risks and complications

Heart transplant risks and complications on the risks and complications related to general anesthesia include, as well as on the risks and complications related to any type of surgery. Safe anesthesia. But anesthetics some risks, like the rest of medicine. Complications of general anesthesia on the following may include:

 Breathing problems.
     Broken teeth.
     Wound lips.
     Headache.
     Sore throat.
     Urinary retention.

In some rare cases, it can cause serious complications of anesthesia. One of these complications:

     Infection of the lungs.
     Stroke.
     Heart attack.
     Death.

Anesthesiologist talking with the patient before the operation, and asking him about the drugs you are taking, and explain to him the anesthesia and the risk of complications. Before the operation, the anesthetist with the patient talks about these risks. Also asking him about the drugs covered. It is possible that formed blood clots in the legs due to lack of movement during the operation and after. And show these clots after several days of operation normally. And cause pain and swelling in the leg.

 May move blood clots of the leg is up to the lungs, which causes shortness of breath and chest pain, and may also cause death. You should tell your health care provider immediately if the patient's symptoms of blood clot hair. Sometimes, shortness of breath can happen without warning. Therefore, Valenhod out of bed in the shortest possible period of time after the operation can be useful in order to reduce the risk of these complications. There are risks associated with any surgery usually. Complications may include the following:

 Bleeding during surgery or after. Bleeding may require a blood transfusion to the patient.
     Infection, deep or at the skin level.
     Leather scars can be painful or ugly appearance.

  There are also risks and complications related to this process specifically. Complications related to heart transplant operation on the following may include:

     New heart failure.
     Hypertension.
     High cholesterol levels.
     Osteoporosis or osteoarthritis

 It is possible that the new heart fails with the passage of time. This may occur as a result of the same reasons that led to the original heart failure. It is possible that the new heart failure also occur if the rejection of the patient's body. Rejection happens if the immune system act in the patient's body toward the new heart as a foreign body so he attacked him.

 This is one of the most important causes of death during the first year after heart transplantation. It is likely to happen within six months of the transplant. High blood pressure in more than seventy percent of patients with heart transplants occur, during the first year after the transplant. It occurs in about ninety-five percent of patients with heart transplants during the five years after the operation.

 High cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood of eighty-four percent of patients with heart transplantation appears, within five years of operation. It is possible that other complications also occur after a heart transplant, and if the patient does not comply with the instructions of a health care provider.

 After surgery

The patient is given drugs that relieve pain after the transplant. Also it is placed on a ventilator with a tube in his chest. The ventilator helps the patient to breathe. The tubes are based were drawing fluid from the heart, lungs, and around them as well. Often a patient must remain in the hospital a period ranging from one week to two weeks after the operation. After the patient to go home, he has it to review the hospital for regular check-ups, and for a period of at least three months.

 It is possible to perform a heart biopsy to see if the patient's body rejects the new heart or not. During cardiac biopsy process, being a very small device in a vein in the patient's neck to enter or in the groin area groin. Payment of this device also runs through the vein until it reaches a new heart. There, the device by taking a small sample of tissue. This sample is then scanned for signs of rejection

 . The patient to watch the emergence of signs of rejection after heart transplant. And tells the health care provider the patient for these signs and symptoms that should be monitored. After a heart transplant, the patient is likely to continue cardiac rehabilitation program. He must comply with all medical examinations, and that deals with his medication on time.

On the patient to make changes in his life style as well. These changes include a commitment to a healthy diet for the heart. It is possible to adjust the complications of being heart transplants through medication and lifestyle changes process. The patient also needs after the transplant also to take immunosuppressive drugs. These drugs help to weaken the immune system, or suppressed.

 Conclusion

Place in the heart removing the infected or heart transplant patient, and put in place a healthy heart operation. The healthy heart from a brain dead donor. This process is the last resort for people with heart failure, and after all other treatment methods fail. Hearts that are obtained from donors is less than needed. Therefore, patients who need a heart transplant through a rigorous selection process passes. It must be a critical health condition of the patient to the extent that necessitates Hojtah to a new heart. But his condition must also bear heart transplant.

The patients remain on the waiting Modoon in direct contact with the heart transplant centers list. Heart transplant through open-heart surgery performed. This process takes about four hours. The patient stays in the hospital and nearly two weeks after a new heart transplant. The patient monitor signs of rejection of the new heart after the procedure.

 And explains the health care of the patient these signs and symptoms that should be monitored by provider. Also be on the patient is also taking certain medications in accordance with the deadlines set her, and adhere to a healthy diet for the heart, in addition to the appropriate exercise. Heart transplant process of saving the life of the patient, but it has many risks. However, the monitoring and processing accuracy, as well as regular medical care, the patient can protect against these risks, or help prevent them or control.